Ethics Choice in the Workplace Essay Example for Free

Ethics Choice in the Workplace EssayEthics and corporate social responsibility (CSR) becomes one of key point to evaluation stock value. In todays highly interconnected, global, and transp bent world, corporations ar finding that social responsibility is essential to fundamental line of business strategy (Trevino Nelson, 2010, page 332). The briny purpose of this paper is to offer readers an overview and concept about the role of ethics and social responsibility in food industry. Besides that, some ethical problems of placements, s interestholder linear perspective on the firm and some recommendations are listed. Ethics Choice in the Workplace Regarding to corporate ethics and CSR are exposed, both consumers and governments are focusing their anxiety on corporate social responsibility practices (Maloni Brown, 2006). Ferrell, Geoffrey Ferrell (2011, p.38) stated, business ethics as the principles and standards that determine acceptable conduct in business organizations. The behavior of acceptability is sustain by many stakeholders of organizations such as customers, suppliers, employees, government regulators, owners as well as community. Ethics and social responsibilities are influent to business strategy and circumstance in recently. White (2012) claimed social responsibilities manage on decision making from top level to bottom line of firms. Ethics and Social Responsibilities are macrocosm evaluated as a key successful factor to measure organization outcomes. Ethics Issues in BusinessIn order to identify certain situations that affect by various environmental and individual factors as ethical or unethical decision (Bommer, Gravander Tuttle,1987). The identification is impacted by bias, principles, concepts and definitions of social group or community. These standards are different from geographies, races, languages, time, etc. According to Ferell et all, 2011, ethics is related to organizations culture, financial status and business objecti ve. Plenty of ethical issues in business can be classified into their relative behavior as abusive and intimidating behavior, conflicts of interest, fairness and honesty, communications, and business associations. Abusive and Intimidating BehaviorActions in working environment caused otherwise people physical threats, being annoying, harshness, or even though bypassing some individual opinions. Abusive can be considered as a distraction or disruption of the workplace (Ferell et all, 2011). Intensity of voice, situation of speaking and used words are factors to be determined to abusive or un-abusive. Conflicts of interestThis kind of conflicts occurs quite frequently in reality. For instance, managers could make decisions either to reinforce their power or enhance benefit to shareholders. A CEO will keep confidential a bad financial status to board of director sometimes. The conflict is often among employees because they use the same resources. Un-transparency of gifts may effect t o outcome decisions to be an illegal or un-ethical behavior. Fairness and HonestyFairness and honesty is the most important of business ethics and create general values of decision makers (Ferell et all, 2011). For instance, some newspapers claimed there are some exceed ingredients in power milk caused harmfulness to children health 2 years ago. In addition, Microsoft window software is still being zany very popularly in China and Vietnam in particular even though people knew these products are protected by copyright law. conferencesCommunication is one of effective tools to bring product ideas and images to consumers. However, some organizations transferred to community incorrect information about their products. Under-weight or over-weight harmful of ingredients, food safety and hygiene are the most of improper announcement in advertising and labels. Further more than, there is lack of information to compare differences or similarities between products (Ferell et all, 2011). For example, many people does not manage how differentiated among Unilivers detergents OMO, Viso, and Suff. Business RelationsThis ethical behavior is relevant to business relations to customers, suppliers, bosses vs. their staff and others in their workplace that create to ethical concerns. Managers take advantages on legitimate and authority roles to supervise their staff. Sometime they play Lording games to reinforce their power (Mintzberg, 1985). In reality, commission and gifts are used very popularly on Sales and Marketing. In Vietnam, gifts are considered as traditional requirement on national holidays. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)Corporate Social Responsibility actor that organizations should take responsibility for their impact on society and the environment (Castka Balzarova, 2007, p.297). Every organization should build and adopt their owned CSR plans. There are four dimensions or four faces of social responsibility economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropic (wh ich sometimes call voluntary, altruistic or humanitarian) (Ferell et all, 2011) and (Geoffrey, 2001). Economic Responsibilities.Business organizations are groups to conduct goods or service to fulfill consumers as well as create jobs for community (Geoffrey, 2001). Firms should pay fair to workers, look for new resources, technical innovation and celebrate a friendly and plumb working environment. Therefore, economic responsibility is to be profitable for principles by delivering a good quality product at a fair price is callable to customers (Geoffrey, 2001, p. 3). Novak (1996, p. 139-145) defined seven economic responsibilities. There are to (1) satisfy customers with goods and services of real value, (2) make a reasonable return on the funds entrusted to the business corporation by its investors, (3) create new wealth which reduce poorness as their wages rises, (4) create new jobs to enhance worker incomes, (5) defeat admire by generating people values and creations that can improve their conditions, (6) promote ingenuity and invention, (7) diversify the interest s of the republic. Legal responsibilities.Legal behavior is obeying the law by playing rules and policies of the game. The business laws are passed by the society and community. The laws tell organizations what should or should not be done. However, the laws often provide a minimum level or a floor of moral that might be followed involuntarily out of fear of punishment rather than voluntarily out of internal moral condemnation (Geoffrey, 2001, p. 4). Ethical responsibilities.Ethical duties overcome limitations of legal responsibilities. They include moral, doing what is right, just, fair and avoiding harm to society and community even if preventing harm caused by others (Smith Quelch, 1993). This behavior shows how wealth the organization affects non-economic aspects of society, such as benefit to employees, how closely working environment is, as well as natural environment. Altruistic respon sibilitiesThis kind of responsibilities display in the forms of voluntary service, association and giving, offer over of legal of society floor principles. Over the half of century, business increasingly has been judged not barely by its economic and its ethical performance, but also by its social contributions (Geoffrey, 2001). ConclusionBy understanding deeply Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility, businesses can adopt not only get higher profit or outcomes but also be interested to society, community and natural environment. For the time being, we can expect to hear more about social responsibility and much of what of our companies do to give a hand to build our society around us.

Ocean city and Clearwater beach Essay Example for Free

Ocean metropolis and Clearwater beach EssayOne of the great things about summer is going to the beaches. Over the prehistoric ten days my family and I have had the pleasure of heading up to Ocean City Maryland on the eastern shore. The beach there is an magnificent place for the family to pull out together and have fun. The sand at Ocean City is an off white color and warm to the touch and the water with its low green color feels cool on your skin. Ocean City has one of the largest boardwalks on the east coast with its many shops, stores, and restaurants it attracts families from all around the world. Ocean city also has a great amusement park for all the kids at heart and for all the true little people. However, At times it does tend to get a bit crowed but thats half the fun of going to the beach the sights, sounds, the smells, and the many different types of people all enjoying themselves. A few years ago we did happen to change up a bit and headed down to Clearwater Flo rida for a short vacation the beach in Clearwater is also a truly nice beach the sand there is a pure white color and feels so cool on your feet as you walk upon it, and the water is a very clean clear light blue, and very warm as you wad though it.You can even see your feet as small look for move around you Clearwater beach doesnt have a boardwalk, but it does have the many restaurants and shops to visit. I did notice that Clearwater beach seems to be more accommodate to the young professional type people. There isnt an amusement park for the kids and it didnt seem like many families were there. The time that I spent there it never seemed to get crowded at all, but that was fine because it was relaxing and a nice change of pace. I would recommend both beaches to anyone that wants to get past for a good time, good people and a change of the norm.

Descartes Views on the Mind and Body

Descartes Views on the Mind and BodyIn Meditation VI (see week 5 reading) Descartes argues that there is fundamental difference betwixt mind and body. Do you think Descartes is right? If yes, explain why, if not, explain whyThe mind body dilemma has been subject of philosophical analysis for decades and has yet to be fully understood. As the principal advocate for dualism, Descartes states that as humans we are composed of two major substances the mental and the physical which manage to exist nerve by side. Without a doubt, Cartesian Dualism was wholeness of Descartes major contributions to the study of philosophy idea with which I agree based on the dramatizeing analysis.The fundamental prize between the mind-body problem and its contra argument is the existence of materialism and its denial. Descartes states that the mind is separate from the body based on the reasoning that the mind exists and stands alone as a substance, therefore they must be separate things. He then procee ds to add that anything that is physical occupies space. Unlike the mind, the body place be altered imputable to its materialistic nature, and can be changed and divided into smaller components. We find further support in Leibniz Law, which states that if a has a property that b lacks, then a is not identical to b which are applicable to the mind and body, as the mind does not occupy space, it is just housed by the body.Another argument is the one of introspection, which relays on the rationale that our best evidence for the existence of mental substance is the access to our own minds. Via introspection of the mind, we are capable of accessing and assessing different features of our own minds such as feelings, sensations, desires, etc. None of them stick physical properties. Descartes then elaborates on this principle stating that there are certain things that come naturally to us as humans such as desires, which come instinctively. However, there are others such as thinking, whi ch needs to be based on intentionality. Among these features we also encounter consciousness, which has been defines by Descartes as the epitome of the human nature, although it is not something that can be perceived by the senses, thus, it is not physical. We are capable of imagining the existence of our mind without the body. In the flake of any material object, you can describe object a as existing or object a as not existing provided there cannot be a blending of both premises. Contrary to this, we have consciously just pictured the mind existing without the body, therefore it must follow that the mind and the body are separate things. As written in Descartes Mediation VI And although I may, or rather, as I forget concisely say, although I certainly do possess a body with which I am precise closely conjoined nevertheless, because, on the one hand, I have a take a shit and distinct idea of myself, in as far as I am only a thinking and unextended thing, and as, on the other hand, I possess a distinct idea of body, in as far as it is only an extended and unthinking thing, it is certain that I, that is, my mind, by which I am what I am, is entirely and truly distinct from my body, and may exist without it. i(Descartes, Meditation VI)An example would be a paralyzed patient, where he is totally aware of his environment, and is conscious about his desire to perform an action, yet he cannot do so. He lacks the capability to acquire sensations physically, although he can still pretend what it would feel like to perform such task.As with any major idea, we find opposition, in this case, on the hands of the scientific community. The notion that Descartes work fails to in all explain how the connection between mind and body works is enough to trigger a response. As explained in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Willis wrote about the pineal gland that we can scarcely believe this to be the seat of the soul, or its chief faculties to arise from it becaus e animals which imagination, memory and other superior powers of the soul have this glandula or kernel large and fair enough. (Lockhorst, 2013)iiFurthermore, Descartes idea has been rejected based on the fact that the attributes linked to the mind are simple responses to neurological and chemical arousal in the brain. An example can be the use of any drug. Although the mind is supposed to be an independent entity from the body, when any sort of chemical/drug is ingested it can alter the mental state, though most of the time, it also alters your body as well. Same analogy applies if the patient suffers some physiological damage to the brain it will yield physical consequences and changes in motor coordination. Although the bridge between the mind and the body may not lay at the pineal gland, a clear distinction between these two properties has been done in the past and it should not be neglected the fact that according to Descartes the single most important sign of the human nature is consciousness and not the soul as the human essence, our ability to think and rationalize our thoughts.As in all, although Descartes dualism theory is not unfailing and it fails to thoroughly explain how exactly the connection between body and mind works, it does satisfy the purposes of explaining why would the mind be something different from the body via means of his very simple, yet logical arguments. Descartes went as far as creating what it is called a trialistic distinction where he unites and acknowledges the possibilities of the existence of the mind, the body and the union of the latter as a third gear state.Referencesi Descartes, Meditation VI Canvas excerpt.ii Lokhorst, G.-J. (2013, September 18). Descartes and the Pineal gland. Retrieved March 5, 2017, from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, https//plato.stanford.edu/entries/pineal-gland/

Adaptation Of The Antigone Of Sophocles English Literature Essay

Adaptation Of The Antigone Of Sophocles English Literature EssayThis paper is for a presentation just about how Brechts rendering of Antigone could be pave way for proto-Marxists behaviour and belief in the end of the World War II. The presentation would shed lilting on how Sophocles authentic forgather about portend intervention and early laws in ancient times could cave in led to passivity in ground of oppression, and how Brecht tried to raise the suppression in his marrow of adapting Antigone.Bertolt Brecht was a man of great achievements in the field of Arts. He has helped shaped the world of theatre acting as it is known today with his varying styles and approaches1. Throughout his career, he has helped transform lives and the artistic industry.When it comes down to it, it could be said that Brecht is among those who are responsible for opening the eye of the mass for their power to revolt and defend their stands against their betters. Since the Elizabethan era follow s the whims of monarchs and the decrees of royalty and their superiors, those who are poor are left without a voice to be heard. They exit pay mettle slightly taxes if it was asked of them, they get out march on to warfare if their landlord commands them to do so.Following this logic, it is no wonder that Bertolt Brecht labels Ancient Greeks and Englishmen of that age as barbarians2. They could be categorise as barbarians in such a way that they are embracing the emotions expressed by the heroes of Sophocles and Shakespeare. Though pretty the dialogue might be, there lies a hidden truth in each accusation that the audience are barbarians in the sense that they are lapping the tragedies and misfortune of other nation and utilize them as their own gauge of how beautiful their lives are. And if it so happens that the barbarians were able to catch a glimpse of how horrid reality was to those who are less fortunate than their high statures, then they would continue to ignore it and proceed in their daily lives without trying to make a difference.Perhaps in order to shed light and jarful these barbarians as Brecht refers to the upper class, he adapted a popular play by Sophocles entitled Antigone. Sophocoles original play was about earthly laws and the power of the divine and heavens wrath. However, Brechts aptly c whole(a)ed The Antigone of Sophocles showed a policy-making play which illustrated how a divided country could be devastated after a pointless war3. Brechts adaptation of Antigone reflects how familial tragedy could be turned into a political pawn in a timely manner wherein the Germans are ripe for understanding and changes.Yet in advance the speaker brings the listeners deeper into the mind of this unusual mind, it would be most preferable to introduce Brechts background and who he was. This will help the audience understand the context of Brechts works, which will thus enable them to relate more on how his works could be used to go in accordanc e with Sophoclean tragedy.The grade 1898 brought to life Bertolt Brecht to a lower-ranking family, wherein he was exiled in 1933 when Nazis occupied Germany. He left Germany and disembarked to a journey heading to Austria, and found himself in the Switzerland and the soils of France. He set premature roots in Denmark, and had to leave after six years when the war was its earnest. Brecht at that time eluded it with his loved ones by going to Sweden, and finding refuge in Finland, and by change of location along the length of the Soviet Union. Finally, he found a boat which took him all the way to the land of the free, which is in Los Angeles, California, in the United States in the year 19414.In the safety of Los Angels, California, Brecht wrote his masterpieces entitled Mother Courage, The Caucasian Chalk Circle, The Good Person of Setzuan, and the famed The Life of Galileo. The last piece was previewed in Hollywood which stared a big name in theatre of that era Charles Laughton, who assisted Brecht in penning the English text. The Life of Galileo was proven to be so beautiful that it was showed in Broadway for a season5.During this time, Brecht was already planning to return to Europe, but it was not fated to be. The House Committee on Un-American Activities as a sleeve of the US Congress subpoenaed artists, directors, and writers who were allegedly known as having leftist sympathies. There were ten writers and directors who were sent to jail because they were uncooperative and insisted on their rights to Freedom of Religion and policy-making Belief. As a result, they were dubbed as the Unfriendly Ten, and were sentenced to contempt.Brecht was the eleventh person to be subpoenaed by the Committee. On October 30th, Committee Chairman J. Parnell Thomas tried Brecht and questioned him about the play Die Massnahme which was set in the Japanese Noh and was published in a left-wing publication in the United States. Brecht denied allegiance to any left-wing mov ements, and was herewith released by the Committee to pursue his writing.Antigone was written from March 30 to December 12, 1947. Brecht was in Zrich, Switzerland with his family when the play was finished. It was first shown in Chur Stadttheater in February 19486.From its opening night, theatergoers have mentioned how Brechts The Antigone of Sophocles is shrouded in mystery. Perhaps this could be attributed to the unavailable English translation, which was only made available during 1984. From 1948 to the launch of the English translation, the audience had to make do with Brechts adaptation of the original Sophoclean tragedy7.The original play portrays Brechts loose translation of Friedrich Hlderlins prior interpretation from Sophocles original drama. A member of the audience notes how an argument between Creon and Antigone becomes political when Antigone berates Creon, yet Creon retorts in anger and demands Antigones silence8. Though it was clear that Creon was in the wrong, soci ety still dictates that a woman cannot hold such strong opinions against her betters. other controversial fact about the play is how despite the fact that less than five months prior the plays opening night, Brecht was questioned by the Committee about his loyalty to the country, and yet he wrote such a controversial scene wherein Creon was urging the audience to condemn Antigone for her lack of patrionism.Willet (1959) mentions how despite the script being written by Hlderlin, Brecht has changed the lines to fit his message. His style was carefully interwoven with Hlderlins that is become impossible to distinguish which lines where written by which writer. Therefore Sophocles tragedy was given an all different meaning from what it was initially intended for. Brecht was also famed for using the Chorus to lead the audience in their responses.In line with Brechts changes to the script, it became apparent that Antigone became interested with the rights and needs of an individual, aga inst the power and needs of the State, which is the situation during its showing in Switzerland9. Though Sophocles initial script indicated how individuals should submit blindly to Fate and to decision of gods at all costs, Brechts interpretation of Antigone displayed how it could be possible that mans fate is man himself10.Perhaps it could be said that Brecht introduced post-Marxist ideals in the play, and how the original beautiful tragedy was translated into a political ploy. Brecht showed the means of a post-war, defeated Eastern Germany, and how he changed Sophocles intention about divine laws upon the reality of state terror after the war.In Brechts The Antigone of Sophocles, it was portrayed how the Berlin of 1945 was in enunciate disarray. Through the story of Antigone, Breech was able to show how two sisters who might have a brother who left his responsibilities and deserted the German force by hanging himself would fare. There are two choices would they risk being caught by the authorities, or should they leave him? Brecht showed how Creon was a very brutal tyrant, and how the system is smothering the people11.Brecht showed consistency in his works when he repeated how passive acceptance could be ruined people. He mentioned this in Kleines Orpnon as well as in Antigone12.The political message of Antigone is plain and simple. When it was rewritten by Brecht, Europe was still adjusting after the turmoil caused by World War II, and the author had personally witnessed the changes brought about by the destruction and disability of leaders to admit theyre wrong. This goes hand in hand with the message in Brechts Antigone, wherein violence feeds upon itself, and entices those surrounding the violence to a vicious daily round of wars and conflicts that will continue after the people involved are dead, and are crushed for all their supports13.At the start of the play, Creon launched Thebes in a very truculent and deadly war against Argos. This was similar to Berlins air-raids during the World War II. Creon consistently brings destruction and violence, and takes down his whole country into destruction, instead of surrendering in order to salvage some of their home. The audiences of the play have said that this is similar to Hitlers black motives against Antigones white actions to try to give her brother a decent burial. Hitler tried to drag down all the people, and Brecht was trying to tell the German citizens to raise against Hitler as Antigone argued with Creon to be able to bring peace and harmony within the country14.There were others who mentioned that Antigone was the symbol of consent and all that is good. Creon was the tyrant whom Antigone was resisting to follow his evil deeds. She was the angelic voice of reason and conscience, and that goodness comes the practical lesson of achieving practical wisdom against adversity15.With the Chorus which represents the masses in accordance to Creons messages and military victory, the y are leading the audience into thinking that war is the proper answer to their problems instead of peace. However, in the end of Brechts written script, the Chorus turns against Creon, and attacks him for open up the unnecessary war16. This could be said to be an eye-opener for the audience, as they felt the power of the masses and how they could share their opinions for the betterment of the group.Yet according to history, the death of Stalin brought about the revolution of East Berlins workers. This uprising was crushed by Soviet tanks, and Brecht was said to have supported the repression17. There were speculations about how Brecht was rewarded for his efforts by having his pieces premiered and performed, and how the Stalin Peace Prize which he was given during 1955 was another emblem of how he supported Marxists behaviors. Nevertheless, after he died in 1956, the world all mourned for the great writer.This presentation shows how Bertolt Brecht was able to change the aspect of people in the turbulent times of World War II. In comparison with Sophocles original piece, Antigone and Creon were given the opportunity to discuss their defensible claims before the tirades of the war went on. In the original story, Polynices was not allowed to be buried for he was deemed as a traitor. Antigone then goes against the decree and buries Polynices, which angers Creon. Thus continues Sophocles tragedy wherein Antigone argues that she was following the divine commands of gods to wipe out the dead, and Creon was insisting that Antigone went against the States wishes18.Sophocles thesis is simple Antigone shouldnt have buried Polynices because this is against the States orders. Yet with Brechts version, Antigone was the one in the righteous position because she was opening up the eyes of the State and the people that to deprieve the dead of burial is unjust and unfavoured by gods.In the end the question to be answered is how much the people is willing to raise up against the country. The Antigone of Sophocles in Brechts adaptation opens the possibility of a political play which reflects the horrors inflicted by the war and the concerns of modernity. Is the power of the State so great that even dead men cannot receive arbitrator? Brecht was able to show the different side of the war war wherein the families of deserters were suffering for not being able to pay their loved ones proper respect, and how to swallow their ethics for the sake of not enraging the gods.The speaker strongly believes that in Brechts adaptation of Antigone was given the proper justice it deserves by todays mediums and forms of communication. The Sophoclean tragedy was able to step up and be in accordance to Brechtian Epic Theatre which relieves the past and makes the audience feel the impact of the war. Clearly, it is a matter of addressing which position should the audience play in legal injury of determining their freedom, and the possibility of controlling a mans own fate , instead of letting the heavens be the judge of the future.

Reviewing The Film Version Of Brokeback Mountain Film Studies Essay

Reviewing The Film Version Of Brokeback corporation Film Studies EssayThis essay will aim to compare the film adaption of Brokeback Mountain with Annie Proulxs swindle recital. It will explain, discuss as wellhead as evaluate the ship counseling in which Ang Lee represented key themes and ideas through-out the film. Many themes and ideas were viet with in the film, some of which will be looked at such as, relationships, love, desire and the gothic.Ang Lee was able to express fathead and Enniss masculinity through their physical features, the jobs that they undertook, as well as through their clothing, throughout the movie. The two men were seen to be working on the land, doing strenuous physical labour and played out the mascu pull back roles in society. In both the movie and the compact report card Jack and Ennis relationship with temperament was masculine in the way that they spent a great deal of time in the open countryside at work. Their relationship with the land str engthened through the depiction of their love making on Brokeback Mountain which showed their deep federation and confidence with their surroundings. Even though the men were portray as masculine figures throughout both the film and the story, at that place was also a very conspicuous shift in the g arrester roles, as Jack and Ennis both alternated between the traditional roles of male female. Central to Proulxs thinking is not only the subjectivity of battalion shaped by geographical constraints, limits and opportunities, but also that the social worlds produced reveal personal narratives of engagement which often question determined social roles.1It could be argued that the short story was wholly near the love of two men for each other and how this impacted on the lives they were expected to lead. However the movie foc utilised more than than(prenominal) on their home life and domesticated roles, such as Ennis failing to provide and care for his children. The short stor y only briefly menti geniusd Ennis family life. In the movie, there was great penetration into the mens married life whereas in the book there is not much emphasis on this. This would have helped the viewer to delve more deeply into their personal lives and therefore have a better understanding of them.The women in the film version of Brokeback Mountain were more visible, referred to more and had a significantly active role in the story in relation to Jack and Ennis. The viewer was able to see life from the womens points of view and into the hardships of their lives. Whereas in the short story they were merely portrayed as obstacles that stopped Jack and Ennis from pursuing their ro worldtic relationship. It could be argued that Ang Lee did not want women to merely be on the border in this film, he probably wanted to bring the women to the foreground of the story since conventional relationships are between men and women, unlike Proulx whose version was more nearly focused aroun d the relationship between Jack and Ennis. In both versions the women were powerless to affect what was going on, especially after they eventually discovered that Jack and Ennis were more than righteous friends. There was nothing that they could do, as they were unable to effectively influence the situation in their favour,. and the door opening and Alma looking out for a few seconds at Enniss straining shoulders.She had seen what she had seen.2In addition, this story was set at a time when women were seen to be more dominant in the private domestic sphere, therefore they seemed to be nave of about the goings on in the outside world and perhaps did not have a loud enough percentage to stand up to men.One of the main themes in Ang Lees film version of Brokeback Mountain was the added dimension of nature and the surroundings of the west in which the film was set. Proulx references to the grace to set the scenes were very descriptive throughout the story. The batch boiled with demo nic energy, glazed with flickering broken-cloud light the wind combed the grass and drew from the alter krummholz and slit rock a bestial drone.3The amazing awe-inspiring shots of the landscape in Ang Lees movie, gave a new dimension to the film as the shots of nature became just as much a part of the film as the story line. The beauty of the shots nearly as important as dialogue4The impact that nature had on people who already felt comfortable in the open country were given more depth and significance.Spending time together on Brokeback Mountain was like a retreat or a safe haven from society in which Jack and Ennis would have been judged because of the nature of their relationship. Whilst on Brokeback Mountain the emphasis on nature meant that they felt free and at peace away from society and were able to be themselves without the risk of being ridiculed or judged.The motion-picture show of the dead sheep on the mountain, in the film, acted as a metaphor for the idea that even t hough the men felt safe and free on the mountain they were still vulnerable in the eyes of society.The main themes that ran through the film were that of love, relationships and desire.There were great similarities in the short story and the movie in the ways in which the characters related to each other, their emotion and concern. The way that Jack was so caring towards Ennis, was expressed perfectly through both mediums. The way their relationship was portrayed was so painful as they could never be together was shown in different ways in both the short story and the movie. They have to privatise their feelings5. The original dialogue from the story added another dimension to Ang Lees film. As a lot of the time the characters whispered or spoke in a even-tempered manner, it gives the impression that what they were saying was not to be shared with others.The scene in the movie where Ennis became hysterical after Jacks departure from Brokeback Mountain, was very much more heartfelt and emotional than in the short story, within a mile Ennis felt like person was pulling his guts out6. The emotion was not felt whilst reading the book, it was better conveyed in the movie. The reason for this may have been as a result of the musical soundtrack and the close up camera shots which showed Ennis as totally distraught. This was apparent also near the end of the film by the lines, I wish I knew how to quit you7, which were spoken, the tone and volume of which this short line was spoken displayed the pain that Ennis and Jack were enduring by being apart.In addition, in the final scene at Jacks house with the two shirts, one inside the other the scene was portrayed better visually than in the book due to the impact that the music had over the scene, which was not achieved in the short story. However, it the words used in the short story were powerful in their simplicity. The shirt seemed heavy until he saw there was another inside itthe reduplicate like two skins, one in side the other, two in one.8On a literal level this scene added shaped to the story, as the story cease where it started, both with dreams, both with shirts.Both the movie and the short story expressed key elements of the gothic. Two of the most prominent elements were violence and mystery. Proulxs short story had an equivocal ending in which the reader was unsure of how Jack died and who killed him. His family and Ennis were left wondering if it was an accident or if it was on purpose as a result of someone finding out about his secret relationship with Ennis. The ending was left for the viewer to decide and to use their imagination as to who killed Jack and how he was killed, sooner like a murder mystery. Not only did I want to be loyal to Proulxs writing, but I needed to do additional scenes to patronize her writing, because we dont have the internal depictions which she did most brilliantly.9This was true consistently throughout the film.There were many sections in the film th at did not appear in the story, such as the argument between Jack and his father-in-law on Thanksgiving, and the scenes where Jack went to Mexico to explore his sexuality and the greater depth and acuteness into their family lives and the people closest to them. Scenes even appeared in a different order. However things that were missing from the film were filled with extended scenes that were also not in the short story. These extended scenes gave the viewer a greater insight into the lives of Jack and Ennis as well as those that they interacted with.Futhermore in the movie Ang Lee used flashbacks as well as clips which gave the viewer a greater insight into the unknown, and to things that were below the surface of the characters initial thoughts. The viewer always had the fuller picture drawn out for them, which was pieced together by the actual storyline. This was present in the way that Ang Lee used a flashback to show how Ennis father showed him what happened to a man who lived with another male however this was not presented in the same way in the short story.The movie was quite direct and visual and the story had a definitive ending and the audience knew exactly what happened to Jack even if the other characters in film did not. The use of the movie as a visual aid meant that there was more freedom in the idea of the gothic with the gruesome scenes of the man who was castrated as well as the murder of Jack. The book ended as it stated that the love felt by Ennis was endured, but it was only an end to the physical but not emotional love. It was as if the story still continued beyond the text, and would continue to do so as long as society failed to move on. There was some open space between what he knew and what he tried to believe, but nothing could be done about it, and if you cant fix it youve got to stand it.10The long silences and deep stares that were exchanged between Jack and Ennis throughout the film expressed their unspoken love, this was more effectively displayed in the film than the short story. Because of their stoic characters, the story has much to do with what is unspoken, with the shame and guilt that fills them11This made the film a lot more powerful than the story as a result of these silences. narrative detail is echoed by Ang Lee cinematically. The beauty and purity of the emotions is matched by the rustic majesty of the landscape in reducing the story to a universe of simplicity of scenery and emotion, Lee was trying to create a new depth for a love story.12As a result of the shame and guilt that would have been forced upon them whilst in society Brokeback Mountain gave them a sense of freedom to do things that would not have been delightful in society at the time.Ang Lee tells us that the focus on emotion cannot be articulated in words, and employs the imagined iconic solitude of the cowboy13The use of camera shots such as panning and close ups helped to covey the emotion through the screen to the viewer, this therefore enabled the viewer to have a better emotional tie-up with the characters.One of the main adaptations that Ang Lee made to the film version of Brokeback Mountain was his selection of his cast, especially the main characters. Whereas in the short story Jack and Ennis were not described as overly good looking men, however Ang Lees cast did not portray this.

Through Trials and Tears :: English Literature Essays

Through Trials and TearsWhat is America? A young girl in a distant land asked her mother this doubtfulness in a whisper as they were hiding among produce and goods on the docks trying to find a way our of their county. A way out of their manner of poverty, persecution and even death. Looking for a new manners in a new world, America. Some Americans dont fell the meaning of this life, a life of freedom, a life of peace. To those in other countries like this family, it is something nearly impossible to reach, something only reached in a dream. Many Americans dont feel the information of America they see problems in the government, problems in their jobs, and problems in their lives. But for those outside our borders, it is a life of perfection. Two of the or so important parts of our nation are the patriotism we share and the rights our forefathers have granted us. Words cannot express the love and appreciation I have for this land and the people and thoughts that make it truly d ivine.Although there are fifty states with thousands of cities in America. It is all one nation. The joined Stated of America reminds me of a great patchwork quilt, a quilt that has been sewn by the people who came to this land from all corners of the world, bringing with them many cultures, traditions, and many languages. All of those customs, ideas and people come together in a unique way that makes our uncouth like no other. One of the most important parts of our nation is our patriotism. If we didnt have patriotism in the early days of our country, then it most likely wouldnt have survived. The word patriotism comes from the term used for the people fighting against Great Britain in the Revolutionary War called patriots. These men and women risked their lives to receive us what we have now, freedom. Patriotism continued throughout history. In World War II women showed patriotism with Rosie the Riveter. This symbolizes womens role in keeping the United States strong during the war. Even years later our country proves strong and united after the devastating attacks of September eleventh. After these attacks our patriotism came through in all-embracing force. Everywhere I looked I could see flags and symbols of gratitude for our country. Historians have concluded that Ancient Rome was so powerful and successful because of the patriotism of their Citizens and the fall of Rome was partly because of the loss of that support and love for their country.

Scapegoats for Society :: Expository Essays Research Papers

Scapegoats for SocietyIn the net decade or so, and especi every(prenominal)y since the shootings in aquilege and various other schools, people pee been up in arms about violence and sex in movies, telecasting, music and video games. New restrictions have been put on most of these media forms, or at the very least, old restrictions are enforced to a greater extent rigidly. Rating systems have been put into effect for television and video games, and warnings have been put on music that sometimes isnt level(p) all that offensive. While many of these precautions are justified, I believe that blaming unspeakable incidents like Columbine on these media is just passing the buck, and ultimately avoiding the real issues at hand. Ever since Clark Gable said the word damn in departed With The Wind in 1939, movies have pushed the boundaries of what our society considers to be acceptable. As our society becomes more desensitized to sex, foul language and violence, movies are going to have to try even harder to push the limits. One might ask, Why do film makers try to surprise audiences with more offensive content in movies? They continue to make movies more graphic because that is what will make money. Even if action movies dont have much of a presence in the top ten highest grossing movies of all time, a good action movie will generally more than break even. Whether the customers are bloodthirsty action movie fans, or censorship advocates reflexion just to see what filth is being produced, sex and violence sell. Many movies that are more artistic use violence to make intriguing friendly commentary, or to tell an important historical story. For example, powerful movies like American History X, a story about a young man who has heavy(p) up as a Neo-Nazi, and later sees the error of his ways, (by the way, this is an amazing movie, and if you havent seen it you really should) can change peoples lives forever, but could non make nearly as strong a statement without u sing violence as a story telling tool. War movies would also be rather ineffective without showing the death and destruction that surround war. Another industry that has received its share of baseless blame for violence in the last several years is the video game industry. For years, mothers around the world have told their kids that video games were a waste of time, money and brain power.